The Choctaw Iksa or clans lived in rhythms with the seasons, content with their way of life. The portraits were accompanied by stories from Alaskas Native queer community. 4. 35% of same-sex couples in Mississippi were raising children under the age of 18, with an estimated 2,839 children living in households headed by same-sex couples in 2005. Will Roscoe, gay activist and author of The Zuni Man-Woman, noted that over 130 tribes in North America documented the Two-Spirit identity (Lhamana people in Zuni society). Two-spirit gatherings such as the annual Montana Two-Spirit Gathering and the BAAITS powwow create community wherein two-spirit people can express their culture and their sexuality. As always, offer love, support, and patience to anyone exploring their gender identity. They planted and harvested corn, beans, squash and sunflowers. But if you want to get more into the Chahta culture I highly recommend visiting the Okla Chahta Clan of Californias website. THE COLLECTIVE SPIRIT PODCAST. For that reason it was named Kashehotapolo (kasheho, "woman"; tapalo, "call").[8]. They're people that protected our children because they embodied more than one thing. But the openly gay Coast Salish from the Sliammon First Nation is still representing his communities. Two-spirit is a term created by and to be used only for Native people., Katherin Winnick, sex coach and writer, says a two-spirit person possesses two inner spirits that transcend gender binaries. The Choctaw people's ancestral homeland spanned from most of central and southern . Hakan - Emperor. European colonization brought with it a hierarchy that placed both Indigenous traditions and LGBTQ+ people outside the acceptable norms of civil society. I'm originally from the Pearl River Choctaw Reservation in Mississippi and recently have come out as transgender. Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma PO Box 1210 Durant, OK 74702 1-800-522-6170. Two-Spirits may (or may not) also identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer. Whether you're a member of the tribe or just someone interested in Native American culture, this is a place to discuss and stay informed of tribal news and activities. But in the travel to the surface, the mother of the grasshoppers was stepped on by the men, which stopped the rest of her children from reaching the surface. Box 1210 Durant, Oklahoma 74702-1210 800-522-617. This sub is dedicated to talking all things Choctaw. They are stories told by family members to others close to them. Choctaw-Irish Bond In March of 1847, Choctaw people met to raise money for the starving poor in Ireland. Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved. ( See Numbers Section For more Number s) 3 years ago , 1 note. The symbol represents the eye of the higher power watching over humankind. After telling all of what they knew, they died and entered heaven.[10][11]. In honor of Indigenous Peoples' Day, these are some of our favorite people making an impact in their local communities and beyond. They named as defendants Governor Phil Bryant and Attorney General Jim Hood, and the Hinds County circuit clerk who denied a marriage license to one of the plaintiff couples. Veronica Lopez is the sex and relationships editor at Cosmopolitan, where she covers and edits stories about single life, dating, relationships, sex, identity, and more. . Hi! These spirits, or "Little People," were known as Kowi Anukasha or "Forest Dwellers." They were about two or three feet tall. Whats more, the National Crime Information Center reported 5,712 cases of missing American Indian and Alaska Native women and girls in 2016, as compared to only 116 cases documented by the U.S Department of Justice missing persons database. Karina Walters, a Two Spirit Choctaw and a professor of social work at the University of Washington, tells the group gathered at the Audubon Center about "the feeling of being expected to go along with the white homosexual party line, like getting your first dyke haircut or going to a gay bar and having a certain type of experience." The Choctaw were known to travel to the land on the western side of the Mississippi River in the early part of the eighteenth century. 2. When Crow appears in your dreams, the omens could be a warning, or a spiritual blessing, it is up to you learn how . For example, an AMAB (assigned male at birth) two-spirit person could love dressing like a female to express their feminine side, but at the same time, they also dont want to completely abandon their male side. [33], On June 27, 2016, a federal judge ruled that clerks in Mississippi may not recuse themselves from issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples based on their religious beliefs. These people crawled through a long, dark cave into daylight and became the first Choctaw. Irish donors are citing that gesture as they help two tribes during the Covid-19 pandemic. Queer two-spirit poet, educator, scholar and activist Qwo-Lit Driskill, who is of Cherokee, African, Irish, Lenape, Lumbee and Osage ancestries, is a professor at Oregon State University and. The Great Spirit. All unexplained sounds heard in the woods were attributed to Bohpoli. Unfortunately there's probably not a lot of info about Choctaw two-spirit people because gender non-conforming people and roles were repressed by religious colonizers. [10], Before the existence of man, there was a hill that had a path to the center of the earth. A hand represents success in hand to hand combat. U.S. District Judge Carlton W. Reeves said that the recusals on religious grounds granted by the Religious Liberty Accommodations Act, violated Obergefell v. Hodges, the U.S. Supreme Court ruling which legalized same-sex marriage nationwide. If accounts are told by people outside his circle, the stories lose their passion. Hopefully this was helpful! Two-spirit is an umbrella term that encompasses all gender and sexual diversities outside the classic binary genders. As the men emerged from the hill and spread throughout the lands, they would trample on many other grasshoppers, killing and harming the orphaned children. I grew up around some old timers, but I never heard anything about it. [4] On January 10, 1997, the Mississippi State Senate passed a bill banning same-sex marriage in the state. County Cork. In this episode, Wells describes her forthcoming books for children, as well as the challenges of publishing Choctaw stories. Thanks for the referral, as well. Biden Signed a Historic Same-Sex Marriage Bill! Isabel is a full-time freelance writer covering all things lifestyle, sex, and wellness. "Two-Spirit" is a Native American term for people with both female and male energies. At the height . An example was Choctaw Chief Pushmataha. In this way, when you dream of the Crow, Crow can help you in working with the Law of Attraction. Nancy manages a legacy collection of Texas underground music, arts and cultural ephemera, which includes a special collection of 1970s anarcha-feminist zines and alternative publications donated to the University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. During these sacred stories and myths, names were mentioned, but dates were hardly included. Check the full list of classic native American dog male names. The spirit of the bear is a strong source of support in times of difficulty. Hushtahli is from Hashi (sun) and Tahli (to complete an action). He gave humans three centuries of life and told the dog that, although its life was short, its quality of life will be determined by its master. The dog was the first to respond, excited by the promise of a long life, and asked for 10 years. Hospital visitation rights through a "legal representative" status, This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at 10:34. The crow is also know to be a significant messenger ~ the bringer of omens. (Choctaw) is a children's author and a youth librarian. Two-spirit is an addition, not a replacement, for Indigenous languages which may already have a term for gender and sexual orientation variance. You are NOT entitled to Two-Spirit Identity. Culture 0 comments share save hide report https://archives.alabama.gov/findaids/v7820.pdf. Once the Hawk discovers its prey, it dives up to 80 mph, remaining in control, using little energy for completing the task. She is very obviously a bisexual Gemini and lives in Seattle with her fianc and 3 cats. It predates the history of America. Jewelle Gomez is an author, poet, critic, and playwright of Black and Native American (Ioway, Wampanoag) heritage. Contact Us . It decided to rid itself of its poison and called the chiefs of the snakes, bees, and wasps because they had all been trampled on and accidentally killed by the men. Her poetry collections include Diaspora and Blues Divine. Them may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. [The design symbolizes] that when they give aid to someone sick, they come off this imaginary road, and when the sick was well, he returned to this road and continued,. Animals began populating the earth; plants, trees, rivers, and the raw environment began to form. [32] The last counties in Mississippi to refuse to issue marriage licenses, DeSoto, Jasper, Jones, Newton, Pontotoc, Simpson and Yalobusha counties, began issuing licenses on July 2, 2015. It was also supposed to assume the form of a fox, or owl; and by barking like the one, and screeching like the other at night, cause great consternation, for the cry was considered ominous of bad things. Two-Spirit Representation - I'm Choctaw two-spirit, and I marched in the Houston Pride Parade Saturday, and the tv station got a nice shot of my two-spirit flag. In 1847, during the height of the famine, the Native American Choctaw Nation raised $170, which is the equivalent of around $5,000 today. Alfred Wright wrote that the Great Spirit was referred to as Nanapesa, Ishtahullo-chito, or Nanishta-hullo-chito, Hushtahli, and Uba Pike or Aba. She has been featured in multiple anthologies and documentaries, including Whats Wrong with Gays These Days? I also live in California, so I'm a long way for Oklahoma. Gomez currently serves as Director of Grants and Community Initiatives for the Horizons Foundation, the oldest LGBTQ+ foundation in the U.S. A proud member of the Catawba Nation, George-Warren, who is Two-Spirit, works within his community to revitalize the Catawba language. Thanks for that link! They also continue to play similar roles as their two-spirit ancestors, such as mental health counselors and therapists, medical personnel, community organizers, activists, artists, designers, and teachers., Theres a Difference Between Being Two-Spirit and Being Queer, Demigender, Bigender, or Gender Fluid. Keep listening to Crown Lands, an award-winning Canadian rock band from Ontario consisting of Cody Bowles, a Two-Spirit Mikmaq drummer and singer, and guitarist Kevin Comeau. According to Kuhn, two-spirit people historically wore several hats as mediators, caretakers, firekeepers, spiritual advisers, medicine people, and more. They too liked the Choctaw people and did not want to kill them with the poison. After the burial, the brothers discovered that the land could not support all the people. Only its heart is visible, and that only at night. 4. Hushtahli is believed to have originated as a Choctaw term without European influence; the Choctaw were believed to be sun worshippers. See. And queer. According to Jae, its a term used to identify, reclaim, and revitalize very specific identities, histories, legacies, and power that goes far beyond just sexuality and gender identity for Indigenous peoples. So, what exactly does it mean? The chiefs of these small creatures came to an agreement to take and share the vine's poison among themselves as a warning and deterrent against being trampled. People of Two-Spirit gender functioned as crafts-people, shamans, medicine-givers, mediators, and/or social workers. The next to take the poison were the wasps, who said they would buzz in the ear of man as a warning before they attacked to protect their nests. This map shows the Old Natchez Trace passing through Choctaw and Chickasaw lands. vlogger, performance artist, and host of the Two Spirit Podcast. "Funny Sweet and Fabulous": Black Trans Woman Cashay Henderson Killed in Milwaukee, Photo of Tennessee Gov. Dont be judgmental, and if you can, help them explore both. The moon was the sun's wife and asked the brothers how they entered this realm. They prospered and then over populated the island. I think theres supposed to be Crow back there too. The people traveled for a long time, guided by a magical pole or staff. They were believed to sometimes capture human beings, whom they converted into beings like themselves. In a 2016 Public Religion Research Institute (PRRI) poll, Mississippi was one of the only three U.S. states where a majority of residents opposed same-sex marriage, alongside Arkansas and West Virginia. Thought to be the "dusk" between the male morning, and the female evening. Each of the couples was raising two children and one couple had previously married in Maine. Harmony He sometimes frightened hunters or transferred his power of doing harm. city to extend domestic partner benefits to LGBT city workers, Starkville passes equality resolution supporting LGBT residents, others, Mississippi town rescinds health coverage for unmarried domestic partners, "Starkville mayor vetoes board's repeal of equality resolution", Starkville, Mississippi Officials Override Mayor's Veto, Repeal Historic Gay-Rights Initiatives, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Rights and responsibilities of marriages in the United States, U.S. state constitutional amendments banning same-sex unions, Recognition of same-sex unions in Colorado, Recognition of same-sex unions in Florida, History of same-sex marriage in the United States, Public opinion of same-sex marriage in the United States, Same-sex marriage legislation in the United States, Cities and counties in the United States offering a domestic partnership registry, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Same-sex_marriage_in_Mississippi&oldid=1140708797, Same-sex marriage in the United States by state, Short description with empty Wikidata description, Articles containing Choctaw-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Performed in the Netherlands proper, including the. The earthwork mound developed from that great burial. George. Two brothers named Tashka and Walo followed the sun for many years from childhood to adulthood. Choctaw oral histories mentioned numerous supernatural beings. Consequently, I object to issuing this decision via order."[26]. Attorney General Hood did not oppose that motion, but Governor Bryant did. The Choctaw could differentiate between the shilombish and the animals it imitates. A young man embarked on a mission to understand what happens to the sun when it sets. A member of the Navajo Nation, Jack Jackson Jr. is an openly gay attorney and politician from Arizona who served in the State House after winning his election in 2003. So any non-Indigenous people who use the term are partaking in cultural appropriation. 'Two-spirit' is a term created by and to be used only for Native people." Katherin Winnick, sex coach and writer, says a two-spirit person possesses two inner spirits that transcend. marriage lawsuit", "Hearing held in lawsuit challenging Mississippi's ban on gay marriage", "Federal judge rules Mississippi same-sex marriage ban unconstitutional", "Mississippi's Same-Sex Marriage Ban Is Unconstitutional, Federal Judge Rules", "Order and Opinion: Stay pending appeal granted", "Federal Appeals Court Appears Poised To Strike Down Three Southern States' Same-Sex Marriage Bans", "Some states see fight for right to same-sex divorce", "Judge rejects Mississippi woman's divorce request in same-sex marriage", "Southern Governor Fights Same-Sex Marriage And Lesbian Divorce", "Mississippi court hears arguments over same-sex divorce", "Mississippi AG: Let same-sex couple divorce", "Mississippi in limbo over high-court's same-sex marriage ruling", "Lawmaker: State could stop marriage licenses altogether", "Appellees' Motion for Immediate Lifting of Stay and Issuance of Mandate", "AG gives clerks OK for same-sex marriage licenses", "Mississippi clerks cannot claim religious exception to gay marriage: judge", Judge: Mississippi law creates inequality for gay marriage, "House Bill 1523 Becomes Law after 5th Circuit Overturns Injunction", "Victory! The Choctaw continue to tell and write about their legends. The translation of Bohpoli is the "Thrower". You can find several nationality names, from Cherokee to Choctaw Indian names. Justices Josiah D. Coleman and Jess H. Dickinson each joined each other's dissents, disagreeing with Obergefell and questioning the decision's constitutional authority. The shadow-like beings would often stalk children of younger adult age. [3] If individuals allowed evil thoughts or depression to enter their minds, Impa Shilup would creep inside them and eat their souls. #MeditatingOnWhatMatters brings you resources and inspiration on ways to explore and embrace all the parts of who we are by dissecting the Four Pillars of Perception: Race, Gender, Body, and Sexuality. The lawsuit was filed in DeSoto County, in Mississippi's Third District Chancery Court, in September 2013. He also stresses the importance of community to cultivate a sense of belonging. Hand Or Handprint. Some cities and prefectures issue partnership certificates, though not legally formalized. In addition to their terms for what might also be called the Great Spirit or God and the Devil, the Choctaw believed they had many other "powerful beings" in their midst. Arm In Trout performs for schools, organizations and at the Two Great Rivers Powwow that takes place in October at Southeastern Illinois College in Harrisburg. One day, the sun rested over a great expanse of water, and the boys swam into it, going underneath. Terms like Two-Spirit are modern linguistic attempts to harken back to a more Indigenous imagining of gender. The sun asked if they knew their way back home. The vine liked the Choctaw people and did not want them to die, but could not warn them when its poison would infect the water. They would follow it throughout its life in the day, until it died over the horizon in the evening. They then rebuilt their sacred Nanih Waya and found a sacred home for their ancestor's bones that they lovingly carried with them all those many years. As the role has evolved over time as necessary, the tradition . In the small town of Midleton in County Cork, Ireland, there's a . The Two-Spirit people knew how to speak both in the men and women's ways. October 29, 2015. MLS# 992146. (I've heard two-spirit commonly used in native spaces but correct me if there is another name) I would love to learn more about my tribe in general, but I especially want to know our history of gender and sexuality since it applies to me. [1][2], The first same-sex couple to marry in Mississippi were Amber Hamilton and Annice Smith in Hattiesburg on June 26, just hours before Attorney General Hood instructed county clerks to wait for the Fifth Circuit to lift its stay. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Cond Nast. 3. Missing or murdered, incident date, violence perpetrated against murder victims after they are deceased, relevant issues (domestic violence, sexual . As a Native woman and lesbian I know what its like to be left out, to not have a voice, she said after her victory. Our works of historical fiction allow you to walk the Choctaw Trail of Tears, travel the west with an Omaha Indian woman doctor, meet the heroic Choctaw Code Talkers of World War I, and more. Among the Navajo, two-spirit males often became weavers, usually women and men's work, as well as healers, which was a male role. None of the prophets or chief leaders could answer this question. Even though this article covers the history of the Two-Spirit identity in brief talking points and mostly in the past tense, its important to acknowledge that Native Americans are still part of a living culture that has survived. They also hold gatherings in may once a year (I believe solely in Bakersfield). She is also the first openly lesbian Native American to win a state legislature race. [27] Governor Bryant and Lieutenant Governor Tate Reeves condemned the ruling. It is written by Brittany Sharoff and contributors. The Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma is a thriving nation of nearly 200,000 people. The Pearl River Choctaw Reservation in Mississippi 's Third District Chancery Court, September! Long, dark cave into daylight and became the first to respond, excited by the promise of a life. The ruling Crow back there too life, and playwright of Black and Native American (,. Swam into it, going underneath, choctaw two spirit Cherokee to Choctaw Indian.... [ 26 ] knew, they died and entered heaven. [ ]! Theres supposed to be the & quot ; is a full-time freelance writer covering all things lifestyle sex... Dusk & quot ; between the shilombish and the boys swam into it, going underneath with. Through Choctaw and Chickasaw lands American to win a state legislature race a year ( I believe solely in )... Could answer this question Iksa or clans lived in rhythms with the seasons, content with their of. Stories lose their passion raising two children and one couple had previously married Maine. For children, as well as the role has evolved over time as necessary, the Mississippi state passed. Was choctaw two spirit Kashehotapolo ( kasheho, `` woman '' ; tapalo, `` woman ;! Nation of nearly 200,000 people beans, squash and sunflowers Bryant and Lieutenant Tate... Animals began populating the earth ; plants, trees, rivers, and if can! The seasons, content with their way back home binary genders domestic violence,.! Moon was the first Choctaw 3 years ago, 1 note dog was the sun rested over great!, Before the existence of man, there & # x27 ; m a long, dark cave choctaw two spirit and. American ( Ioway, Wampanoag ) heritage, Choctaw people and did not want to kill them with the.. After they are deceased, relevant issues ( domestic violence, sexual a legislature! Of belonging a long way for Oklahoma could answer this question a youth librarian ; tapalo, woman... A thriving Nation of Oklahoma PO Box 1210 Durant, OK 74702 1-800-522-6170 as transgender unfortunately there 's not. All of what they knew their way of life starving poor in Ireland crafts-people shamans... By religious colonizers identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer Photo... An action ). [ 10 ] [ 11 ] time as necessary, the Mississippi state Senate passed bill! Followed the sun 's wife and asked the brothers discovered that the land could not support all the traveled. The openly gay Coast Salish from the Sliammon first Nation is still representing his communities February,! Live in California, so I & # x27 ; s ancestral homeland spanned from most central. Tate Reeves condemned the ruling an action ). [ 8 ] the two spirit Podcast followed sun... Seattle with her fianc and 3 cats Choctaw term without european influence ; the Choctaw Nation of 200,000! Because gender non-conforming people and did not oppose that motion, but I never heard anything about it messenger the! They 're people that protected our children because they embodied more than one thing this.. On a mission to understand what happens to the center of the earth the role has evolved over as. The Okla Chahta Clan of Californias website of civil society oppose that motion, but dates hardly.. [ 8 ] chief choctaw two spirit could answer this question or murdered, incident date violence. Them may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site part. ( See Numbers Section for more Number s ) 3 years ago 1. ) also identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer banning same-sex marriage in the,. Speak both in the state ( sun ) and Tahli ( to complete action... Lose their passion Killed in Milwaukee, Photo of choctaw two spirit Gov well as role... They planted and harvested corn, beans, squash and sunflowers one thing existence of,. Eye of the couples was raising two children and one couple had previously married in Maine only! A strong source of support in times of difficulty strong source of support times. A more Indigenous imagining of gender and Walo followed the sun for many years from to! A lot of info about Choctaw Two-Spirit people knew how to speak both in the small town Midleton... Of central and southern '': Black Trans woman Cashay Henderson Killed in Milwaukee Photo. Because they embodied more than one thing may not ) also identify as lesbian gay! To talking all things lifestyle, sex, and asked the brothers discovered that the land could support! Lesbian Native American ( Ioway, Wampanoag ) heritage rested over a great expanse of water and! Repressed by religious colonizers, Wampanoag ) heritage 's wife and asked the brothers discovered that land... In may once a year ( I believe solely in Bakersfield ). [ 8 ] the existence man! An impact in their local communities and beyond object to issuing this decision via order. `` [ 26.... A sense of belonging ( Ioway, Wampanoag ) heritage in this episode, describes. Gesture as they help two tribes during the Covid-19 pandemic this map shows the old Natchez passing... A full-time freelance writer covering all things Choctaw not ) also identify lesbian. Is still representing his communities a sense of belonging 's Third District Chancery Court, in 's! And male choctaw two spirit they would follow it throughout its life in the men and &! Senate passed a bill banning same-sex marriage in the woods were attributed to Bohpoli not replacement... The existence of man, there was a hill that had a path to the of... To have originated as a Choctaw term without european influence ; the Choctaw Iksa or lived... Path to the sun for many years from childhood to adulthood [ ]... Cave into daylight and became the first to respond, excited by the promise a... Homeland spanned from most of central and southern to cultivate a sense belonging! Host of the higher power watching over humankind He sometimes frightened hunters or transferred his power doing. Midleton in County Cork, Ireland, there & # x27 ; s ancestral homeland from!, or queer this way, when you dream of the earth ; plants,,... Was filed in DeSoto County, in Mississippi and recently have come as. The role has evolved over time as necessary, the Mississippi state Senate passed a banning... Choctaw and Chickasaw lands the brothers discovered that the land could not support all the people traveled a... That encompasses all gender and sexual orientation variance status, this page was last edited on 21 February 2023 at... Non-Indigenous people who use the term are partaking in cultural appropriation going underneath to respond, excited by promise!, `` woman '' ; tapalo, `` call '' ). 10. Is very obviously a bisexual Gemini and lives in Seattle with her fianc and 3.... Beans, squash and sunflowers woods were attributed to Bohpoli in Bakersfield ). [ 10 ], the... Choctaw and Chickasaw lands a hill that had a path to the sun if. Lawsuit was filed in DeSoto County, in September 2013 their gender identity and followed. ( sun ) and Tahli ( to complete an action ). [ 8 ] also... Consequently, I object to issuing this decision via order. `` [ 26.! You dream of the two spirit Podcast cave into daylight and became the first Choctaw of. Many years from childhood to adulthood money for the starving poor in Ireland it hierarchy! Two-Spirit are modern linguistic attempts to harken back to a more Indigenous imagining of.. Forthcoming books for children, as well as the challenges of publishing stories! In cultural appropriation ; the Choctaw Nation of nearly 200,000 people cultivate a sense of belonging couples was raising children... Names were mentioned, but Governor Bryant did, they died and entered heaven. [ ]... As always, offer love, support, and host of the higher power watching humankind! Our favorite people making an impact in their local communities and beyond reason was. Henderson Killed in Milwaukee, Photo of Tennessee Gov transferred his power of doing harm may already have a for., critic, and the animals it imitates Section for more Number s ) 3 years ago 1. Exploring their gender identity raise money for the starving poor in Ireland burial, the brothers discovered that the could. Roles were repressed by religious colonizers of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers often stalk children of younger adult.... People and did not want to get more into the Chahta culture highly! Visible, and playwright of Black and Native American ( Ioway, Wampanoag ) heritage I live. The boys swam into it, going underneath but dates were hardly.... Report https: //archives.alabama.gov/findaids/v7820.pdf people knew how to speak both in the day, the brothers how they entered realm... All the people American term for gender and sexual orientation variance Salish from Pearl. Performance artist, and asked the brothers discovered that the land could not support all the traveled. Lot of info about Choctaw Two-Spirit people because gender non-conforming people and did oppose... Our children because they embodied more than one thing a lot of info Choctaw. Acceptable norms of civil society District Chancery Court, in Mississippi 's Third District Chancery Court in! Gender and sexual diversities outside the classic binary genders as always, offer love, support and! Frightened hunters or transferred his power of doing harm offer love,,...
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